DNA Discovery Solves Four-Year Mystery at Japan’s Maruyama Zoo

A case of mistaken identity at Maruyama Zoo in Sapporo, Japan, has brought international attention to the complexities of wildlife management after it was revealed that two spotted hyenas, once believed to be a breeding pair, were in fact both male.

For four years, zookeepers had been puzzled as to why the animals, acquired in 2010, had not produced any cubs despite being paired together in a carefully managed environment. According to reports from the zoo’s management, staff initially assumed the absence of offspring was due to stress, behavioral issues, or adaptation difficulties common among animals living in captivity. However, after repeated failed breeding attempts, DNA testing was carried out, which confirmed that the supposed male and female hyenas were both male.

Experts note that spotted hyenas are among the most difficult mammals to sex due to their unusual anatomy. Female hyenas possess external genitalia that closely resembles that of males, making visual examination unreliable even for seasoned caretakers. This anatomical mimicry, according to wildlife specialists, has led to similar misclassifications in other zoological institutions around the world.

An official at the zoo explained that the discovery was not simply an amusing mix-up but highlighted a critical issue in animal conservation and captive breeding programs. “Spotted hyenas play an important ecological role in the wild, and breeding them in captivity is vital for sustaining healthy populations. Misidentification delays these efforts significantly,” the spokesperson said, as reported by Japanese media outlets.

The revelation underscores the increasing importance of science and technology in animal care. DNA testing, now widely accessible, provides zookeepers with an essential tool to avoid such mistakes and to design more effective breeding strategies. Conservationists emphasize that genetic analysis not only determines gender with certainty but also helps in monitoring genetic diversity, which is crucial for preventing inbreeding among captive populations.

While the incident has sparked humor online, with many social media users sharing lighthearted commentary about the oversight, wildlife professionals insist that it should serve as a reminder of the complexities of zoology. As one expert noted in an interview reported by local press, “What seems like a funny mishap is actually a lesson in how science must guide conservation.”

Maruyama Zoo has confirmed it will continue to collaborate with researchers to ensure proper management of its animal populations and to avoid future breeding setbacks.

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